Preliminary evaluation of the antimicrobial effect and acute toxicity of the ethanolic extract of Luehea divaricata (Ka’a ovetĩ)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47133/IEUNA2028Keywords:
Daphnia magna, antibacterial, antifungal, bioassay, low toxicityAbstract
The use of medicinal plants for the treatment and/or prevention of diseases is widely spread and used until today in Paraguay. Luehea divaricata, popularly known as ka'a ovetĩ (in Paraguay), açoita-cavalo (in Brazil), Francisco Alvarez (in Argentina) has been used to treat skin conditions, diarrhea, as an antiseptic, expectorant, antitussive antirheumatic, antiasthmatic, antidiabetic, carminative and others. Considering that many of those plants used in an empirical way, as well as L. divaricata, do not have their pharmacological and toxic effects proved, the objective of this work was to determine the antimicrobial effect and preliminary acute toxicity of the ethanolic extract from the aerial parts of Luehea divaricata collected in Paraguay. To evaluate the antimicrobial effect, the technique of the disc diffusion assay was used against Escherichia coli (ATCC 8739), Salmonella typhymurium (ATCC 14028) and Candida albicans (ATCC 10231). To evaluate the acute toxicity, the Daphnia magna Strauss neonates was used, which were exposed to six concentrations between 1 and 1.000 mg.L-1 of ethanolic extract from Luehea divaricata (EELd) and after 48 hours, the LC50 was determined. The ethanolic extract of L. divaricata showed an inhibitory effect on C. albicans and S. typhimurium, however, no activity against Escherichia coli. The LC50 of the EELd was higher than 1.000 mg.L-1. Thus, it is considered that EELd of the aerial parts of L. divaricata has antimicrobial potential and low toxic effect, and it can be the object of further studies about its biological effects.
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