Influence of biotic and abiotic parameters on the pollination of the wild orchid Laelia anceps Lindl. subsp. anceps
Keywords:
forest canopy, ecological conservation, reproductive success, Bombus, XylocopaAbstract
The objective was to evaluate the influence of ecological parameters on the reproduction of Laelia anceps Lindl. subsp. anceps. A field study was conducted on 74 individuals located on 41 Quercus phorophytes under open (direct sunlight) and closed (shade) canopy conditions. Population structure, floral phenology, and visiting fauna were characterized. Results indicated that canopy type significantly influenced (p < 0,05) population abundance and floral production. The closed canopy exhibited higher values of individual density per phorophyte (1,7-fold), number of flowers (2,0-fold), and number of inflorescences per individual (1,1-fold). Reproductive success (capsules to flowers) was 15,1% higher under closed canopy, where 53,6% of flowers were recorded in October during the flowering peak. The high diversity of epiphytes such as Domingoa purpurea, Isochilus unilateralis, and Tillandsia spp. on closed canopy phorophytes denotes the preference of the orchid and its associated species for lower solar incidence. Bombus medius was identified as an effective pollinator, and Xylocopa tabaniformis as a new floral visitor. These findings highlight the ecological specialization of Laelia anceps and the need to conserve oak forests with closed canopy to ensure its reproductive cycle.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Abraham Méndez Hernández, Miguel Ángel Lozano Rodríguez, Ivette Alicia Chamorro Florescano, Francisco Javier Sanabria Perez, Jose Luis Alanís Méndez
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