Una primera aproximación epidemiológica de la migraña en población general paraguaya: frecuencia y factores asociados
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18004/mem.iics/1812-9528/2023.e21122303Palabras clave:
trastornos migrañosos, migraña común, migraña con aura; prevalencia, ParaguayResumen
La migraña es uno de los trastornos neurológicos más frecuentes, con una prevalencia y una morbilidad elevadas. Está asociada a varios factores de riesgo, tanto biológicos como psicológicos, desencadenantes y comorbilidades. Este fue un estudio descriptivo, de asociación cruzada, no probabilístico, de casos consecutivos. Los participantes fueron reclutados a través de una encuesta en línea en octubre de 2022. Se midieron variables demográficas, datos del estado de salud y hábitos. Se realizó tamizaje de migraña a través del cuestionario ALCOI-95 y tamizaje de adicción a Internet a través de la subescala de adicción a Internet del Cuestionario MULTICAGE CAD-4. Se encuestó a 846 sujetos, de los cuales el 70,9 % eran mujeres y la media de edad fue de 28,62 años. El 14,5 % cumplía con criterios diagnósticos de migraña (5,2 % migraña con aura y 9,3 % migraña sin aura). El 63,8 % cumplía con criterios de tamizaje para adicción a Internet. Se encontró asociación entre el sexo femenino y migraña (p<0,001). En cuanto al estado de salud, el 21,39 % tenía diagnóstico de ansiedad, el 8,98 % de depresión, el 7,92 % de hipertensión arterial y el 2,36 % tenía diabetes mellitus. Se encontró asociación entre presentar depresión o ansiedad y migraña (p<0,001). Podemos concluir que la frecuencia de migraña es de más del 14 % en población general paraguaya, afecta principalmente a personas de alrededor de 30 años de edad y está asociada significativamente al hecho de ser mujer y de tener un trastorno mental.
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