Manifestaciones clínicas y laboratoriales en el Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico-LES
Palabras clave:
manifestaciones clínicas, lupus eritematoso sistémico, análisis laboratorialesResumen
El Lupus eritematoso sistémico (LES) es una enfermedad autoinmune compleja que se caracteriza por su capacidad de afectar a diversos órganos, lo que determina las diferentes manifestaciones clínicas objetivadas durante la evolución de la enfermedad. De forma asociada se ha descrito que estas manifestaciones presentan una variación geográfica o étnica, siendo por lo general menos grave en pacientes con ascendencia europea que en aquellos que presentan ascendencia africana, asiática o hispana. Alteraciones, tanto del sistema inmune adaptativo (células T y B) como del innato (Toll like receptorx-TLR), contribuyen al desarrollo del LES. Las células B tienen su papel en la producción de los autoanticuerpos (i.e. anticuerpos anti-ADN y anticuerpos anti-nucleosoma) y de determiandas citocinas. Las pruebas de laboratorio son de gran valor cuando se evalúa a un paciente con sospecha de enfermedad autoinmune. Los resultados pueden confirmar el diagnóstico, estimar la severidad de la enfermedad, evaluar el pronóstico y son de suma utilidad para el seguimiento de la actividad del LES.
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