Knowledge about oral health in adolescents in the city of Ypacaraí

Abstract

Adolescence represents a high-risk period for developing oral health problems such as caries and gingivitis due to the characteristic hormonal, psychological, and social changes of this life stage. This study aimed to evaluate oral health knowledge among school-attending adolescents in Ypacaraí (Central Department, Paraguay). We conducted a descriptive, cross-sectional observational study with 347 students of both sexes from three educational institutions, who completed a self-administered questionnaire assessing key aspects: oral hygiene habits, caries and gingivitis prevention, food cariogenicity, and fluoride action. Results showed no significant differences in knowledge levels by gender. However, age-group analysis revealed that 12-year-olds demonstrated the lowest comprehension levels, while 13-14-year-olds achieved the highest scores, and 15-year-olds along with younger participants showed lower performance, without establishing a clear linear trend between age and knowledge. These findings highlight the importance of implementing tailored oral health promotion strategies addressing the specific needs of each age group, with particular emphasis on early and mid-adolescence, as well as the relevance of fostering self-care autonomy during this crucial developmental stage.