Keywords
Diabetic Ketoacidosis
Hyperglycemia
Electrolytes
How to Cite
Abstract
Background: The evaluation of laboratory values in paediatric patients with T1D triggers a number of crucial aspects for their clinical approach. The biochemical profile of these patients, in particular blood glucose levels, serum ketones, blood pH, electrolytes and other markers, provides valuable information on their metabolic status.
Objective: To determine and describe the laboratory values characteristic of type 1 diabetes in paediatric patients treated at a tertiary hospital in Paraguay during the period 2018-2021.
Methodology: An observational and descriptive design was adopted, analysing laboratory values from the medical records of paediatric patients with type 1 diabetes admitted to the Hospital de Clínicas del Paraguay. Sociodemographic and clinical data were recorded, and variables of interest, such as glycaemia, serum pH and electrolytes, were evaluated. Data were processed and analysed statistically.
Results: A mean age of 11.64 years, female predominance (54.5%) and residence mostly in the Central region (59.1%) were observed. Some 27.3% had a family history of DM, 50% had diabetes onset, with an average age of 8.91 years. Ketoacidosis affected 40.9%. Laboratory values showed elevated glycaemia (407.32 mg/dL), suboptimal glycated haemoglobin (11.02%), acidic serum pH (7.22), and electrolytes in previously reported ranges.
Conclusion: The laboratory values obtained in this study provide substantial information on the clinical presentation and metabolic profile of paediatric patients with type 1 diabetes at the Hospital de Clínicas del Paraguay.
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