Relation between the gestational age in newborn child less than 1500 grams and in the persistence of ductus arteriosus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18004/Keywords:
Ductus, Gestational age, Relationship, Very low birth weight, ParaguayAbstract
Introduction: During the fetal life the ductus arteriosus is a vessel that carries blood from the pulmonary artery to the aorta, which allows that the 90% of right ventricular output is derived to the systemic circulation and only the 10% to the pulmonary circulation. The ductus with left to right short circuit is a common problem in newborn child under 1500 grams and when the ductus becomes thermodynamically significant, with cardio-respiratory compromise symptoms, the morbidity increases. Objective: Determine the category of association between persistent ductus arteriosus in newborn child that weigh less than 1500 grams and the gestational age. Material and Methods: Observational design, Case-control analytic. Non-probability method in consecutive cases. Second order source data. The study period was from January 2th, 2009 to November 5th, 2010. In this research, 1972 infants born under 1500 grams have been studied. They were registered in the Neonatal Department of Hospital Materno Infantil of Hospital de Clínicas, without distinction of sex, race and gestational age. Persistent ductus arteriosus was determined by clinical or echocardiography means. Results: 1972 children in general were studied with an incidence of 42% (826 cases). For the first part of the study, children were divided into two groups. Group 1: Range between 21-29 weeks. Gestational average of 26.77 + / - 1.93 weeks, average weight 953.15 g. Incidence of 51.06% (602 cases). Group 2: Range between 30-38 weeks. Gestational average of 31.66 + / - 1.57 weeks, average weight 1287.25 g. Incidence of 28.24% (224 cases). After analyze the two groups the results obtained were x ²: 100.12 and OR: 2.26. In order to determinate the relationship is inverse, the investigators proceeded to look for the regression and correlation. Then, they decided to divide the children into groups, which were 3 weeks each. It has been found: Correlation Coefficient = -0.563926293, R ² = 0.318012864, but by removing the end groups, with whom they had drawbacks (Group 21-23 and Group 36-38), we found an almost perfect correlation of -0.972 and R² = 0.944. Conclusion: The association between gestational age and persistent ductus arteriosus is reversed, with an increase of 165% persistence of ductus arteriosus in children of 21-29 weeks. In other to summarize, the 31.8% of persistent ductus arteriosus is due to the lower gestational age, but it may increase to 94.4% if the end groups are removing.
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