Frequency of prostate cancer in precocious stage in patients subdue throught prostate biopsy

Abstract

Prostate adenocarcinoma is a common disease among men and represents a major health problem. Early detection methods include prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing, digital rectal examination, transrectal ultrasonography, and systematic ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy. This observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study included 60 male patients aged 45–75 years who underwent prostate biopsy at the Urology Service of the Hospital de Clínicas and at a private medical practice. The sensitivity of digital rectal examination was 73%, its specificity was 42%, and its positive predictive value was 73%. PSA sensitivity was 76%, specificity was 39%, and positive predictive value was 72%. Ten percent of the patients had a family history of prostate cancer. Digital rectal examination identified a suspicious prostate in 70% of cases, while transrectal ultrasonography showed hypoechoic prostatic areas in 67%. Patients should be informed about the importance of prostate cancer and the possibility of false-positive and false-negative results from digital rectal examination and PSA testing. Prostate biopsy should be recommended after providing information about its potential benefits and risks and the consequences of treating early-stage prostate cancer.