Abstract
Background: Uveitis is inflammation of the iris, ciliary bodies, vitreous body and/or choroid. It has different mechanisms related to its pathogenesis, as well as classifications according to its anatomy, clinical presentation, duration, course, onset, laterality and others. The aim was to describe the clinical and epidemiological presentation of uveitis in two ophthalmological centers in Paraguay.
Methods: Observational, descriptive cross-sectional, retrospective. Data was recovered from the clinical records of all the patients diagnosed with uveitis who attended ophthalmological consultations in the centers of attention, during the period of January 2016 to 2017.
Results: 96 patients were included, 51% were female, between 17 to 83 years old. The main reasons for consultation were pain (33.3 %), decreased visual acuity (30.2 %) and blurred vision (14.6 %). As for the affected eye 12.5% was bilateral, 43.8% on the right eye and 43.8% on the left eye. The most frequent diagnoses were anterior uveitis (50 %), uveitis by toxoplasmosis (22.9 %), chorioretinitis (10.4 %) and panuveitis (5.2 %).
Conclusion: The diagnosis requires an ophthalmological evaluation. Visual acuity should be evaluated, and also with the slit lamp and fundus examination should be performed. Symptoms of uveitis are nonspecific and consist of various combinations.
References
Alañon FJ, Fernandez JFS. Oftalmología en la atención primaria. 1o. Madrid: Editorial Alcala; 2001. 177-198 p.
Tasman W, Jaeger EA. Duane’s Ophtalmology. J Chem Inf Model. 2009;
Yanoff M, Duker J. Opthalmology. Mechanisms of Uveitis. 2.a ed. Edimburgo: Elsevier; 2009. 778-780 p.
Borges S. Oftalmología [Internet]. Disponible en: http://www.hospitalameijeiras.sld.cu/hha/mpm/documentos/OFTALMOLOGIA/PA/ UVEITIS.pdf
Rathinam SR, Namperumalsamy P. Global variation and pattern changes in epidemiology of uveitis. Indian J Ophthalmol [Internet]. 2007;55(3):173-83. Disponible en: http://www.ijo.in/article.asp?issn=0301-4738;year=2007;volume=55;issue=3;spage=173;epage=183;aulast=Rathinam%5Cn
Diaz Llopis M. Protocolos diagnosticos y nuevas estrategias terapeuticas [Internet]. 1o. Díaz Llopi M, editor.
Valencia; 2011. 203 p. Disponible en: http://www.gemu-sedu.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/Monografia_Uveitis.pdf
Díaz Llopis M, Calonge M, Sainz de la Maza MT, Benítez del Castillo JM, Gallego Pinazo R, Arévalo JF. Uveítis y Escleritis. Oftalmología SE de, editor. Editorial Médica Panamericana; 2014. 402 p.
Bezerra Gouveia E, Hisae Yamamoto J, Abdalla M, Hirata CE, Kubo P, Olivalves E. Causas das uveítes em serviço terciário em São Paulo, Brasil. Arq Bras Oftalmol [Internet]. 2004;67(1):139-45. Disponible en: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0004-27492004000100025
Woods AC. Modern concepts of the etiology of uveitis. Am J Ophthalmol. 1960;50:1170-87.
Sève P, Kodjikian L, Adélaïde L, Jamilloux Y. Uveitis in adults: What do rheumatologists need to know? Jt Bone Spine. 2015;82(5):308-14.
Harman LE, Margo CE, Roetzheim RG. Uveitis: the collaborative diagnostic evaluation. Am Fam Physician. 2014;90(10):711-6.
Gregoire M-A, Kodjikian L, Varron L, Grange J-D, Broussolle C, Seve P. Characteristics of uveitis presenting for the first time in the elderly: analysis of 91 patients in a tertiary center. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2011;19(4):219-26.
Jabs DA, Busingye J. Approach to the diagnosis of the uveitides. Am J Ophthalmol. 2013;156(2):228-36.
Llorenc V, Mesquida M, Sainz de la Maza M, Keller J, Molins B, Espinosa G, et al. Epidemiology of uveitis in a Western urban multiethnic population. The challenge of globalization. Acta Ophthalmol. 2015;93(6):561-7.
de-la-Torre A, Gonzalez-Lopez G, Montoya-Gutierrez JM, Marin-Arango V, Gomez-Marin JE. Quality of life assessment in ocular toxoplasmosis in a Colombian population. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2011;19(4):262-6.
Zuluaga C, Sierra MV, Asprilla E. Causas de ceguera infantil en Cali, Colombia. Colomb Med [Internet]. 2005;36(4). Disponible en: http://colombiamedica.univalle.edu.co/index.php/comedica/article/view/382/1140
Park Y-H, Nam H-W. Clinical features and treatment of ocular toxoplasmosis. Korean J Parasitol [Internet].2013;51(4):393-9. Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24039281
López-Castillo CA, de-la-Torre A. Definition of acquired toxoplasmosis infection: When is it congenital or acquired? Arch la Soc Española Oftalmol (English Ed [Internet]. 2011;86(7):224-5. Disponible en: http://www.elsevier.es/es-revista-archivos-sociedad-espanola-oftalmologia-english-496-articulo-definition-acquired-toxoplasmosis- infection-when-S2173579411000338 ER
Canon-Franco WA, Lopez-Orozco N, Gomez-Marin JE, Dubey JP. An overview of seventy years of research (1944-2014) on toxoplasmosis in Colombia, South America. Parasit Vectors. 2014;7:427.
Xavier GA, Cademartori BG, Cunha Filho NA da, Farias NA da R. Evaluation of seroepidemiological toxoplasmosis in HIV/AIDS patients in the south of Brazil. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo. 2013;55(1):25-30.
Guerrero Hernández AC, Gómez J, Samudio M, Bolaños A, Dorantes Y, Scalamogna M, et al. Prevalencia de cicatrices retinocoroideas por Toxoplasma en una población del Paraguay. Memorias del Inst Investig en Ciencias la Salud. 2016;14(1):78-85.
Glasner PD, Silveira C, Kruszon-Moran D, Martins MC, Burnier Junior M, Silveira S, et al. An unusually high prevalence of ocular toxoplasmosis in southern Brazil. Am J Ophthalmol. 1992;114(2):136-44.
Maetz HM, Kleinstein RN, Federico D, Wayne J. Estimated prevalence of ocular toxoplasmosis and toxocariasis in Alabama. Vol. 156, The Journal of infectious diseases. United States; 1987. p. 414.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2023 María Magdalena Salinas Díaz